Rif Brachot 37b

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37b

{Brachot 50a continued}
MISHNA:
A BLESSING IS NOT SAID OVER THE WINE UNTIL WATER IS PUT IN IT. SO R. ELIEZER.
THE SAGES, HOWEVER, SAY THAT THE BLESSING MAY BE SAID.

Gemara:
{Brachot 50b}
By way of explanation, we do not bless Borei Peri HaGafen on wine until we put in water, and if you do not put in water we bless Borei Peri HaEtz. These are the words of Rabbi Eliezer. And the Sages say: we bless upon it Borei Peri HaGafen, and even though he did not put in water, and we establish {halacha} like the Sages.

Rabbi Yossi the son of Rabbi Chanina said: The Sages agree with Rabbi Eliezer in the matter of the cup of wine used for grace {after meals}, that a blessing should not be said over it until water has been added.
What is the reason? For Rabbi Hoshaya said: We need the optimal {mitzvah min haMuvchar}.

The Sages learnt {in a brayta}: Four things are said in regard to bread. Raw meat should not be placed on bread; a full cup should not be passed along over bread; and a plate should not be propped up on bread; and bread should not be thrown.

And just as we do not throw bread, so do we not throw foods, and specifically something that becomes spoiled {when thrown}, but something that does not get spoiled, such as nuts, pomegranates, and quinces, we have no issue with it.

The Sages learnt {in a brayta}: Wine can be run through pipes before the bridegroom and the bride, and roasted ears of corn and nuts may be thrown in front of them in the summer season but not in the rainy season; while cakes may not be thrown in front of them either in the summer or the rainy season.

Rav Yehuda said:If he forgot and placed food into his mouth without a blessing, he pushes them to one side and blesses.
One brayta says he swallows it; and one brayta says he spits it out; and yet another brayta says he pushes {to the side}.
It is not a question. This that teaches that he swallows them refers to liquids. This that teaches that he spits them out refers to something that does not become disgusting. And this that teaches that he pushes them {to the side} refers to something that becomes digusting.

{Brachot 51a}
Something that does not become disgusting, let him also push it to one side and bless?
Rabbi Yitzchak Kaskas`a gave the reason before Rabbi Yossi bar Rabbi Chanina in the name of Rabbi Yochanan: Since it states in Tehillim 71:7:

ח יִמָּלֵא פִי, תְּהִלָּתֶךָ; כָּל-הַיּוֹם, תִּפְאַרְתֶּךָ.

8 My mouth shall be filled with Thy praise, and with Thy glory all the day.

{The printed text before us has tzidkatecha rather than tifartecha.}

One who forgot and ate, and did not bless HaMotzi, and remembered before he finished his meal, he returns and blesses, and if after he finished his meal, he does not return, for he was in a fit state {to bless} and it was pushed off, and in each case where he was in a fit state and it was pushed off, he does not return to a fit state.

Rabbi Zera cited Rabbi Abahu, and some say it was taught in a brayta: 10 things were said regarding a cup of blessing {of Birchat HaMazon}: It requires to be rinsed and washed, it must be undiluted and full, it requires crowning and wrapping, it must be taken up with both hands and placed in the right hand, it must be raised a handbreadth from the ground,