Rif Shabbat 16b

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16b

{Shabbat 37b continues}
cited Rabbi Yochanan that our Mishna teaches is regarding returning it, but to leave it {on the the stove from before Shabbat} we may leave it, even if it is neither swept nor covered, the halacha is not like him.

And even though Rava lends him support, and says "We learnt both," this support is not exact, and we do not learn from it, for we rely on the conclusion of the gemara, and since we see from the conclusion and from this sugya under discussion that it is forbidden to leave {erev Shabbat} upon a stove which is neither swept nor covered, we thus derive that the statement of Rav Sheshet and the support of Rava, and all like this, are forced. Therefore, a stove which is neither swept nor covered, it is forbidden to leave {erev Shabbat} upon them hot water which had not been heated sufficiently, or a food which had not cooked sufficiently. However, a food that had cooked sufficiently and hot water that had been heated sufficiently, even if it {the stove} is neither swept nor covered, we may leave {them on it from before Shabbat}.

And specifically something which shrinks and deteriorates {Jastrow: deteriorates through boiling}, such as lifta {Rashi: a pap made from figs - but he is taking the girsa of our gemara lpd`, whereas Rif seems to have lypt`, which would been a turnip dish - but that had been explicitly mentioned in our gemara as something that shrinks and improves - though that was a dish of lypt`} and daysa {a dish of pounded grain}, dates, and the like. But that which shrinks and improves, such as carobs, beans, and hashed meat, it is forbidden.

And a stove which is swept or covered, we may leave upon it {erev Shabbat} anything, whether it is sufficiently cooked or not, and certainly if it shrinks and improves, for the main reason of the decree is lest he come to stir the coals, and since it is swept or covered, he will not come to stir the coals. And so is the halacha.

{Shabbat 38a}
And if he forgot {left accidentally} upon a stove which was neither swept nor covered something which had not cooked sufficiently, it {the food} is forbidden, and certainly if he violated and left it there deliberately. For Rav Shmuel bar Yehuda cited Rav Yehuda {we have in our gemara "Rav Shmuel bar Yehuda cited Rav Abba who cited Rav Kahana who cited Rav"}: Initially they said: One who cooks unwittingly on Shabbat, he may eat {of it}, but if deliberately, he may not eat. And so is the law for one who forgot. Once there was increased those who deliberately left it on the stove and claimed that they had done so accidentally, we returned and decreed upon those who forgot.

And when you forget something which case cooked sufficiently, and it shrinks and deteriorates, this matter is a question to us in the gemara