Thursday, December 28, 2006

Rif Rosh haShana 6a {Rosh HaShana 26a ; 26b; 27a; 26b}



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6a

{Rosh HaShana 26a, Mishna, continues}
Rabbi Yossi says: And are not all shofars called horn {qeren}? For it is stated {Yehoshua 6:5}:

ה וְהָיָה בִּמְשֹׁךְ בְּקֶרֶן הַיּוֹבֵל, בשמעכם (כְּשָׁמְעֲכֶם) אֶת-קוֹל הַשּׁוֹפָר, יָרִיעוּ כָל-הָעָם, תְּרוּעָה גְדוֹלָה; וְנָפְלָה חוֹמַת הָעִיר, תַּחְתֶּיהָ, וְעָלוּ הָעָם, אִישׁ נֶגְדּוֹ. 5 And it shall be, that when they make a long blast with the ram's horn, and when ye hear the sound of the horn, all the people shall shout with a great shout; and the wall of the city shall fall down flat, and the people shall go up every man straight before him.'

{Rosh HaShana 26b}
Mishna:
The Shofar of Rosh haShanah is a straight horn of a wild goat, and its mouth is covered with gold, and two trumpets, on each side. The {sound of the} shofar is extended and the trumpets are short, for the mitzvah of the day is with the shofar.

And on fast days, {the two shofars are} of crooked ram's horns, and its mouth is covered with silver. And the two trumpets are in the middle {of the two shofars}. The shofar {blast} is short and the trumpets are extended, for the mitzvah of the day is with the trumpets.

{Rosh HaShana 27a}
Gemara:
They learnt {in a brayta}: When are these words said? In the Temple. But in the gevulin {which is a matter of rishonic dispute whether this means outside the Temple or outside Yerushalayim} where there is shofar there are no trumpets and where there are trumpets there is no shofar.

Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: What is the verse {that states this}? {Tehillim 98:6}:
ו בַּחֲצֹצְרוֹת, וְקוֹל שׁוֹפָר-- הָרִיעוּ, לִפְנֵי הַמֶּלֶךְ ה. 6 With trumpets and sound of the horn shout ye before the King, the LORD.
{Before} Hashem is the case where we need trumpets and the sound of shofar. But in general, no.

{Rosh HaShana 26b}
Mishna:
Yovel {every 50 years} is equal to Rosh haShana in terms of blowing {the shofar} and the blessings.
Rabbi Yehuda says: On Rosh HaShana they blow with ram's {horns} and on Yovel they blow with wild goats.

Gemara:
Rabbi Levi said: The shofar of Rosh haShana and Yom Kippur are crooked.

But we learnt {in the Mishna}: The shofar of Rosh haShana is the straight horn of a wild goat!
This that he said was according to Rabbi Yehuda, for they learnt {tnan, but since this is not a Mishna, Bach emends to tanya}: Rabbi Yehuda says: On Rosh haShana they blow with the crooked horn of a ram {Bach adds: and on Yovel with that of wild goats}.

And let us say that the halacha is like Rabbi Yehuda {and be straightforward with it, rather than taking the indirect route}?
If you say that the halacha is like Rabbi Yehuda,

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