Rif Shabbat 1a

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1a

{Shabbat 2a}
MISHNAH.
THE CARRYINGS OUT OF THE SABBATH ARE TWO WHICH ARE FOUR WITHIN, AND TWO WHICH ARE FOUR WITHOUT.
HOW SO?

THE POOR MAN STANDS WITHOUT AND THE MASTER OF THE HOUSE WITHIN:

[i] IF THE POOR MAN STRETCHES HIS HAND WITHIN AND PLACES [AN ARTICLE] INTO THE HAND OF THE MASTER OF THE HOUSE, OR
[ii] IF HE TAKES [AN ARTICLE] FROM IT AND CARRIES IT OUT,
THE POOR MAN IS LIABLE, AND THE MASTER OF THE HOUSE IS EXEMPT.

[AGAIN]
[i] IF THE MASTER OF THE HOUSE STRETCHES HIS HAND WITHOUT AND PLACES [AN OBJECT] IN THE POOR MAN'S HAND, OR
[ii] TAKES [AN OBJECT] THEREFROM AND CARRIES IT IN,
THE MASTER IS LIABLE, WHILE THE POOR MAN IS EXEMPT.

[iii] IF THE POOR MAN STRETCHES HIS HAND WITHIN AND THE MASTER TAKES [AN OBJECT] FROM IT, OR PLACES [AN OBJECT] THEREIN AND HE CARRIES IT OUT, BOTH ARE EXEMPT;

[iv] IF THE MASTER STRETCHES HIS HAND WITHOUT AND THE POOR MAN TAKES [AN OBJECT] FROM IT, OR PLACES [AN ARTICLE] THEREIN AND HE CARRIES IT INSIDE, BOTH ARE EXEMPT

{Shabbat 3a}
Gemara:
Rav asked Rabbi: If one's neighbour loads him with food and drink, and he carries them without, what is the law? Is the removing {uprooting} of one's body like the removing of an article from its place, and so he is liable; or perhaps it is not so?
{that is, we see in the Mishna that two things are required for one to be liable - uprooting and placing down =depositing, and perhaps moving one's body is considered an act of uprooting, where clearly simply moving one's hand is not.}

He said to him: He is liable, and it is not similar to {merely moving} his hand.
What is the reason?
His hand does not rest, whereas his body rests {and thus moving it is an act of uprooting}.

{Shabbat 4a}
{The Mishna had said:} "IF THE POOR MAN STRETCHES HIS HAND etc.": {
But we need uprooting and depositing into a place 4 {square handbreadths}, which is not present in this case? {since he is placing it into the rich man's hand, which is by definition about 1 handbreadth}.

{Shabbat 5a}
Rava said: a man's hand is considered as if it is {an area} of 4 x 4 {handbreadths}.