Thursday, May 26, 2005

Rif Shabbat 11b



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11b

{Shabbat 24 continues}
Rava said: A Yom Tov which falls out on Shabbat, the agent of the congregation {shliach tzibbur} who descends before the chest {teva} need not mention Yom Tov, for if not for Shabbat, the shliach tzibbur would not descend {for chazarat haSha"tz} during Maariv on Yom Tov - and so is the halacha.

And if it poses a difficulty for you this that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said, that it is the day which causes an obligation of five prayers, {the answer is that} here by Friday night by all rights the shliach tzibbur need not descend before the teva, and it is the Sages who instituted it because of danger, but there {in Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi's case} by Yom Kippur, it is the day {itself} which carries an obligation of five prayers.

And these eight days of Chanukka we require that one finish Hallel on every single day, for {Erchin 10a} Rabbi Yochanan cited Rabbi Shimon ben Yehotzadak: 18 days in the year an individual completes during them the Hallel, and these are they: The 8 days of Chanukka, and the first day of Yom Tov of Pesach, and the Yom Tov of Atzeret {=Shavuot}, and the 8 days of the Festival {Succot},
and in the Diaspora, 21 days: 9 days of the Festival {Succot} and 8 days of Chanukka, and the 2 {days of} Yom Tov {at the beginning} of Pesach, and the 2 days of Yom Tov of Atzeret {=Shavuot}
but the Hallel of Rosh Chodesh is not Biblical, but is rather a custom, and because of this, we do not {entirely} complete the Hallel, but rather we skip certain parts, for we say {Taanit 28b}: Rav visited Bavel. He saw that they read Hallel on Rosh Chodesh. He thought to stop them. Once he heard that they skipped parts as they progressed, we may deduce that it is the custom of their fathers in their hands.
They learnt {tna}: An individual should not begin, and if he began, he should complete.
Therefore, if an individual wishes to read Hallel on Rosh Chodesh, he should read it without a blessing, and skip.

MISHNAH.
ONE MAY NOT KINDLE [THE SABBATH LAMP] WITH OIL OF BURNING ON FESTIVALS. R. ISHMAEL SAID: ONE MAY NOT LIGHT [IT] WITH 'ITRAN, FOR THE HONOUR OF THE SABBATH;
BUT THE SAGES PERMIT IT WITH ALL OILS; WITH SESAME OIL, NUT OIL, RADISH OIL, FISH OIL, GOURD OIL, ITRAN AND NAPHTHA.
R. TARFON SAID: ONE MAY LIGHT [IT] WITH OLIVE OIL, ONLY.

{Shabbat 25b}
Gemara:
"ONE MAY NOT LIGHT [IT] WITH 'ITRAN":
What is the reason?
Rava {our gemara: Rabba} said: Because its odor is bad, as a decree lest he leave it and go out.
Abaye said: And let him go out!
{The answer:} That I say that lighting the lamp for Shabbat is an obligation {chovah}, for Rav Chisda said, and some say Rava bar Rav Chanin cited Rav: Lighting the lamp for Shabbat is an obligation {chovah}, washing hands and feet with hot water at night {of Shabbat} is voluntary {reshut}, and I say, a mitzvah {command}.
Why a mitzvah?
For Rav Yehuda said {our gemara: cited Rav}: Such was the custom of Rabbi Yehuda beRabbi Illai: on Friday nights they brought a tub filled with hot water, and he washed with it his face, hands, and feet, and he wrapped himself and sat in a fringed {with tzitzit} linen cloak, and was like an angel of the Lord of Hosts.

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