Rif Pesachim 2a {Pesachim 4b continues ... 5b}

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2a

{Pesachim 4b continues}
whether personally or with his money.

They learnt {in a Mishna} there:

Rabbi Meir says: They may eat the entire fifth {hour} and they burn at the beginning of the sixth.
Rabbi Yehuda says: They may eat the entire fourth and suspend {from eating} the entire fifth hour, and the burn at the beginning of the sixth.

Everyone, however, maintains that chametz from six hours and on is forbidden. From where do we know this?

Abaye said: Two verses are written.
It is written {Shemot 12:19}:

יט שִׁבְעַת יָמִים--שְׂאֹר, לֹא יִמָּצֵא בְּבָתֵּיכֶם: כִּי כָּל-אֹכֵל מַחְמֶצֶת, וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַהִוא מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל--בַּגֵּר, וּבְאֶזְרַח הָאָרֶץ.

19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses; for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or one that is born in the land.

and it is written {Shemot 12:15}:

טו שִׁבְעַת יָמִים, מַצּוֹת תֹּאכֵלוּ--אַךְ בַּיּוֹם הָרִאשׁוֹן, תַּשְׁבִּיתוּ שְּׂאֹר מִבָּתֵּיכֶם: כִּי כָּל-אֹכֵל חָמֵץ, וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַהִוא מִיִּשְׂרָאֵל--מִיּוֹם הָרִאשֹׁן, עַד-יוֹם הַשְּׁבִעִי.

15 Seven days shall ye eat unleavened bread; howbeit the first day ye shall put away leaven out of your houses; for whosoever eateth leavened bread from the first day until the seventh day, that soul shall be cut off from Israel.

How so {this first day}? {Whereas the seven days start on the 15th,} it is to include the 14th for destruction {of chametz - thus it must be destroyed from the 6th hour and on}.

But say that it is to include the night of the 14th {which is the earliest point in the 14th} for destruction?! It is written {in verse 15} בַּיּוֹם {which literally means "in the day", taken as "in the daytime}.

{Pesachim 5a}
But say from the morning {and not from the 6th hour}?! The word אַךְ {in verse 15} divides. That it was really in the 7th hour, {the first 6 hours, or half of the daytime, permitted,} and the Sages made an additional distance so that he does not touch {the time of} a Biblical prohibition.

{Pesachim 5b}
The Sages learnt {in a brayta}:
{Shemot 12:19}:

יט שִׁבְעַת יָמִים--שְׂאֹר, לֹא יִמָּצֵא בְּבָתֵּיכֶם: כִּי כָּל-אֹכֵל מַחְמֶצֶת, וְנִכְרְתָה הַנֶּפֶשׁ הַהִוא מֵעֲדַת יִשְׂרָאֵל--בַּגֵּר, וּבְאֶזְרַח הָאָרֶץ.

19 Seven days shall there be no leaven found in your houses; for whosoever eateth that which is leavened, that soul shall be cut off from the congregation of Israel, whether he be a sojourner, or one that is born in the land.

What is it coming to teach? Has it not already said {in the next perek, in Shemot 13:7}

ז מַצּוֹת, יֵאָכֵל, אֵת, שִׁבְעַת הַיָּמִים; וְלֹא-יֵרָאֶה לְךָ חָמֵץ, וְלֹא-יֵרָאֶה לְךָ שְׂאֹר--בְּכָל-גְּבֻלֶךָ.

7 Unleavened bread shall be eaten throughout the seven days; and there shall no leavened bread be seen with thee, neither shall there be leaven seen with thee, in all thy borders.

? Since it is said וְלֹא-יֵרָאֶה לְךָ חָמֵץ וְלֹא-יֵרָאֶה לְךָ שְׂאֹר, it is yours that you should not see, but you may see of others and of the Temple. Perhaps you should be able to accept a deposit {for a loan} from gentiles and hide. Therefore the Torah states לֹא יִמָּצֵא, "should not be found."

I only know a gentile who is not in your control or who does not dwell with him in the courtyard. A gentile who is in your control and who dwells in the courtyard with him in the courtyard, from where? Therefore it teaches לֹא יִמָּצֵא {in 12:19}.

And I only know {from 12:19} in the houses. In the pits, ditches, and cavities, from where? Therefore it teaches {in 13:7} בְּכָל-גְּבֻלֶךָ - "in all your borders."

And I still will say that in the houses {of 12:19, which mentions houses and לֹא יִמָּצֵא} one will violate not seeing, not finding, not hiding, and not accepting deposits from gentiles, while in the borders {of 13:7, which mentions borders but not לֹא יִמָּצֵא, only לֹא-יֵרָאֶה לְךָ}, it is yours which you may not see, but you may see that of others and of the Temple. From where do I know to apply that which was said here {in 12:19} to there {13:7}, and that which was said there {13:7} here {12:19}? Therefore it teaches שְׂאֹר שְׂאֹר as a gezeira shava. שְׂאֹר {"leaven"} is stated by houses and שְׂאֹר is stated by borders. Just as by the שְׂאֹר stated by houses he violates for the prohibitions of not seeing, not finding, not hiding, and not accepting as a deposit from gentiles, so too the שְׂאֹר stated by borders he violates for the prohibitions of not seeing, not finding, not hiding, and not accepting as a deposit from gentiles. And just as the שְׂאֹר stated by borders, it is yours which you may not see but you may see that of others