Rif Shabbat 44b {Shabbat 119a continues...120a}

HIDE/SHOW IMAGE
44b

{Shabbat 119a continues}
And those in other countries, whereby do they merit it?
Because they honor the Shabbat.

Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba said: I was once a guest of a man in Laodicea, and a golden table was brought before him, which had to be carried by sixteen men; sixteen silver chains were fixed in it, and plates, goblets, pitchers and flasks were set thereon, thereon, and upon it were all kinds of food, dainties and spices. When they set it down they said {Tehillim 24:1}:

א לְדָוִד, מִזְמוֹר: לַה, הָאָרֶץ וּמְלוֹאָהּ; תֵּבֵל, וְיֹשְׁבֵי בָהּ.

1 A Psalm of David. {N} The earth is the LORD'S, and the fulness thereof; the world, and they that dwell therein.

{in our gemara: "etc." thus including the end of the pasuk.}
and when they removed it [after the meal] they said {Tehillim 115:16}:

טז הַשָּׁמַיִם שָׁמַיִם, לַה; וְהָאָרֶץ, נָתַן לִבְנֵי-אָדָם.

16 The heavens are the heavens of the LORD; but the earth hath He given to the children of men.

I said to him: My son! whereby hast thou merited this?
He said to me: I was a butcher and of every fine beast I used to say "This shall be for the honor of Shabbat."
I said to him: Happy art thou that thou hast [so] merited, and praised be the Omnipresent who has permitted thee to enjoy [all] this.

---

We learn in perek Yom Tov sheChal Lihyot Erev Shabbat {Beitza 16a}:
Tnei {taught} Rav Tachlafta the father of of Rabbanei Choza`a, and some say the brother of Rabbanei Choza`a {our gemara's girsa has only the latter}: All of a man's provisions are established for him from Roash HaShana to Rosh HaShana {our gemara: until Yom Kippur - the distinction is whether the specification is of when the provisions are set or for what time span the provisions are set} except for that which he expends for Shabbat and Yom Tov, and what he expends for his sons learning Torah, which if he adds, they {his total provisions} are increased for him, and if he reduces, they are reduced for him.

They learnt {in a brayta}: They said regarding Shammai the Elder that every day he would eat in honor of Shabbat. He would find a fine animal and say "this animal for Shabbat." On the morrow he would fine another one finer than that it {the first one}. He would set aside the second one and eat the first one.
However, Hillel the Elder had a different measure, that all his actions were for the sake of Heaven, and he would say {Tehillim 68:20}:

כ בָּרוּךְ אֲדֹנָי, יוֹם יוֹם: יַעֲמָס-לָנוּ--הָאֵל יְשׁוּעָתֵנוּ סֶלָה.

20 Blessed be the Lord, day by day He beareth our burden, even the God who is our salvation. Selah

{such that he would eat each day, assuming Hashem would provide a fine animal for Shabbat.}

A brayta also says so: Bet Shammai say: From the first of your week {Sunday} for your Shabbat, and Bet Hillel say: בָּרוּךְ אֲדֹנָי, יוֹם יוֹם - Blessed be the Lord, day by day.

---

{Shabbat 119a resumes}
The Exilarch asked Rav Hamnuna: What is meant by the verse {Yeshaya 58:13}?

יג אִם-תָּשִׁיב מִשַּׁבָּת רַגְלֶךָ, עֲשׂוֹת חֲפָצֶךָ בְּיוֹם קָדְשִׁי; וְקָרָאתָ לַשַּׁבָּת עֹנֶג, לִקְדוֹשׁ ה מְכֻבָּד, וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ מֵעֲשׂוֹת דְּרָכֶיךָ, מִמְּצוֹא חֶפְצְךָ וְדַבֵּר דָּבָר.

13 If thou turn away thy foot because of the sabbath, from pursuing thy business on My holy day; and call the sabbath a delight, and the holy of the LORD honourable; and shalt honour it, not doing thy wonted ways, nor pursuing thy business, nor speaking thereof;

He said to him: This refers to Yom Kippur, in which there is neither eating nor drinking, [hence] the Torah instructed, honor it with clean [festive] garments.

{The pasuk continues:} וְכִבַּדְתּוֹ - and shalt honour it:
Rav said: By fixing [it] earlier {the meal};
Shmuel said: By postponing [it] {the meal to a later hour, so as to have a greater appetite}
Those of the house of Rabbi Yannai asked Rav Papa {our gemara: The sons of R. Papa b. Abba asked R. Papa}: We, for instance, who have meat and wine every day, how shall we honor it He said to them: Mark a change. If you are accustomed to [dine] early, postpone it, if you are accustomed to [dine] late, have it earlier.

Rav Sheshet used to place his scholars in a place exposed to the sun in summer, and in a shady place in winter, so that they should arise quickly {on Shabbat, so that they would not stay too long in the study hall}.

{Shabbat 119b}
Rabbi Zera used to seek out pairs of scholars {engaged in halachic discussions} and say to them, 'I beg of you, do not profane it.' {by not delighting in Shabbat}

Rav {our gemara: Rava}, and others say, Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi, said: Even if an individual prays on erev Shabbat, he must recite {Bereishit 2:1}

א וַיְכֻלּוּ הַשָּׁמַיִם וְהָאָרֶץ, וְכָל-צְבָאָם.

1 And the heaven and the earth were finished, and all the host of them.

For Rav Hamnuna said: He who prays on erev Shabbat and recites וַיְכֻלּוּ , the Writ treats of him as though he had become a partner with the Holy One, blessed be He, in the Creation, for it is said: וַיְכֻלּוּ. {with no vav marking the kubutz. Read not וַיְכֻלּוּ but rather וַיִכְלוּ. ("And they finished," rather than "and they were finished," thus a change from passive to active. Now there are two actors, Hashem, and the person who recites this segment of Bereishit 2.)

Rav Chisda cited Mar Ukva: He who prays on the eve of the Sabbath and recites וַיְכֻלּוּ , the two ministering angels who accompany him place their hands on his head and say to him {Yeshaya 6:7}:

ו וַיָּעָף אֵלַי, אֶחָד מִן-הַשְּׂרָפִים, וּבְיָדוֹ, רִצְפָּה; בְּמֶלְקַחַיִם--לָקַח, מֵעַל הַמִּזְבֵּחַ.	6 Then flew unto me one of the seraphim, with a glowing stone in his hand, which he had taken with the tongs from off the altar;
ז וַיַּגַּע עַל-פִּי--וַיֹּאמֶר, הִנֵּה נָגַע זֶה עַל-שְׂפָתֶיךָ; וְסָר עֲו‍ֹנֶךָ, וְחַטָּאתְךָ תְּכֻפָּר	7 and he touched my mouth with it, and said: Lo, this hath touched thy lips; and thine iniquity is taken away, and thy sin expiated.

{thus playing the role of the saraph in Yeshaya's initiation prophecy}

They learnt {in a brayta}: Rabbi Yossi son of Rabbi Yehudah said: Two ministering angels accompany man on erev Shabbat from the synagogue to his home, one a good [angel] and one an evil [one]. And when he arrives home and finds the lamp burning, the table laid and the couch [bed] covered with a spread, the good angel exclaims, 'May it be even thus on another Shabbat [too],' and the evil angel unwillingly responds 'amen'. But if not, the evil angel exclaims, 'May it be even thus on another Shabbat [too],' and the good angel unwillingly responds, 'amen'.

Rabbi Eleazar said: One should always set his table on erev Shabbat, even if he needs only the size of an olive.

Rabbi Chanina said: One should always set his table on the termination of Shabbat, even if he merely requires as much as an olive.
Hot water after the termination of Shabbat is soothing; fresh [warm] bread after the termination of Shabbat is soothing.

A three-year old calf used to be prepared for Rabbi Abbahu on the termination of the Sabbath, of which he ate a kidney. When his son Avimi grew up he said to him, Why should you waste so much? let us leave over a kidney from the entrance of Shabbat {Friday night}. So he left it over, and a lion came and devoured it.

Rav Yehuda the son of Rav Shmuel bar Shelat cited Rav: An [outbreak of] fire occurs only in a house {place?} where there is desecration of Shabbat, for it is said {Yirmiyahu 17:27}:

כז וְאִם-לֹא תִשְׁמְעוּ אֵלַי, לְקַדֵּשׁ אֶת-יוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת, וּלְבִלְתִּי שְׂאֵת מַשָּׂא וּבֹא בְּשַׁעֲרֵי יְרוּשָׁלִַם, בְּיוֹם הַשַּׁבָּת: וְהִצַּתִּי אֵשׁ בִּשְׁעָרֶיהָ, וְאָכְלָה אַרְמְנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם--וְלֹא תִכְבֶּה.

27 But if ye will not hearken unto Me to hallow the sabbath day, and not to bear a burden and enter in at the gates of Jerusalem on the sabbath day; then will I kindle a fire in the gates thereof, and it shall devour the palaces of Jerusalem, and it shall not be quenched.

What is meant by וְלֹא תִכְבֶּה - and it shall not be quenched?
Rav Nachman {our gemara: bar Yitzchak} said: At the time when no people are available to quench it.

{Shabbat 120a}
MISHNA:
ONE MAY SAVE A BASKET FULL OF LOAVES, EVEN IF IT CONTAINS [SUFFICIENT FOR] A HUNDRED MEALS, AND A ROUND CAKE OF PRESSED FIGS, AND A BARREL OF WINE, AND HE [THE OWNER] MAY SAY TO OTHERS, 'COME AND SAVE FOR YOURSELVES'; AND IF THEY ARE WISE, THEY MAKE A RECKONING WITH HIM AFTER THE SABBATH.

WHITHER MAY THEY BE SAVED? INTO A COURTYARD PROVIDED WITH AN 'ERUB. BEN BATHYRA SAID: EVEN INTO A COURTYARD UNPROVIDED WITH AN 'ERUB

Gemara:
"ONE MAY SAVE A BASKET FULL OF LOAVES":
But he [the Tanna] teaches in the first clause {in the Mishna on 117b}: three meals, but no more?
Rav Huna said: It is no difficulty. Here it means that he comes to save; there he comes to collect.

By way of explanation, to save - in one vessel. To collect - in two or in three vessels.

Rav Abba bar Zavda cited Rav: Both are where one comes to collect, yet there is no difficulty: here it is into the same courtyard; there it is into another courtyard.