Rif Shabbat 38b

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38b

{Shabbat 107a}
Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba cited Rabbi Yochanan {our gemara: Rabbi Abba cited Rabbi Chiyya bar Ashi who cited Rav}: If a bird creeps under the skirts [of one's garments, on Shabbat], he may sit and guard it {to prevent it from flying away} until evening.

Shmuel said: Everything [taught as] involving no liability on the Sabbath involves [indeed] no liability, yet is forbidden, save these three, which involve no liability and are permitted. One of them is this {the capture of a deer, mentioned in the Mishna}. And how do you know that he is exempt and it is permitted? Because the second clause teaches: WHAT DOES THIS RESEMBLE? ONE WHO SHUTS HIS HOUSE TO GUARD IT, AND A DEER IS THEREBY FOUND TO BE GUARDED THEREIN.

And another [is this]: If one manipulates an abscess on the Sabbath, if in order to make an opening for it, he is liable; if in order to draw the matter out of it, he is exempt. And how do you know that he is exempt and it is permitted? Because we learnt {tnan}: A small needle {lit. a hand needle} [may be moved on the Sabbath] for the purpose of extracting a thorn.

And another [is this]: If one catches a snake on Shabbat: if he is engaged therewith {= in catching it} so that it should not bite him, he is exempt; if for a remedy, he is liable. And how do you know that he is exempt and it is permitted? — Because we learnt {tnan}: A dish may be inverted over a lamp, that the beams should not catch [fire], or over an infant's excrements, or over a scorpion, that it should not bite.

END CHAPTER THIRTEEN

BEGIN CHAPTER FOURTEEN

MISHNA:
AS FOR THE EIGHT REPTILES [SHERAZIM] WHICH ARE MENTIONED IN THE TORAH {as unclean/non-edible}, HE WHO CATCHES OR WOUNDS THEM [ON SHABBAT] IS CULPABLE;
BUT [AS FOR] OTHER ABOMINATIONS AND CREEPING THINGS, HE WHO WOUNDS THEM IS EXEMPT;

HE WHO CATCHES THEM, BECAUSE HE NEEDS THEM, HE IS LIABLE;
IF HE DOES NOT NEED THEM, HE IS EXEMPT,

AS FOR A BEAST OR BIRD IN ONE'S PRIVATE DOMAIN, HE WHO CATCHES IT IS EXEMPT;
HE WHO WOUNDS IT IS CULPABLE.

{Shabbat 107b}
Gemara:
One who captures a flea on Shabbat is exempt; and one who kills it is culpable, according to all.

{Shabbat 108a}
Abaye said: He who plucks fungus from the handle of a pitcher is liable on account of uprooting something from the place of its growth.

MISHNA:
ONE MAY NOT PREPARE [PICKLING] BRINE ON SHABBAT {before the salt is put into it},
{Shabbat 108b}
BUT ONE MAY PREPARE SALT WATER AND DIP HIS BREAD INTO IT OR PUT IT INTO A STEW.
SAID R. JOSE, BUT THAT IS BRINE, WHETHER [ONE PREPARES] MUCH OR LITTLE? RATHER THIS IS THE SALT WATER THAT IS PERMITTED: OIL IS FIRST PUT INTO THE WATER OR INTO THE SALT.

Gemara:
What did he {the Tanna Kamma} mean?
Rav Yehuda cited Shmuel: One may not prepare a large quantity of salt water, but one may prepare a small quantity of salt water.

"SAID R. JOSE, BUT THAT IS BRINE, WHETHER [ONE PREPARES] MUCH OR LITTLE?":
The scholars asked: Does R. Jose [mean] to forbid [both] or to permit [both]?
And they conclude: to forbid.

A brayta also said so: : One may not prepare a large quantity of salt water for putting into preserved vegetables in a mutilated vessel; but one may prepare a little salt water and eat his bread therewith or put it into a stew. Said Rabbi Yossi: Is it just because this is in large quantity and this is in small, that the one is forbidden and the other is permitted? then it will be said, Much work is forbidden but a little work is permitted! Rather both are forbidden, and this is the salt water