Rif Shabbat 36b

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36b

{Shabbat 96a continues}
IN PUBLIC GROUND, [AND] THEY REACHED OVER THE BOARDS FROM ONE TO ANOTHER, BUT DID NOT THROW.

AS FOR THE BANK OF A CISTERN, AND A ROCK, WHICH ARE TEN [HANDBREADTHS] HIGH AND FOUR IN BREADTH, IF ONE REMOVES [AUGHT] FROM THEM OR PLACES [AUGHT] UPON THEM, HIS IS CULPABLE; IF LESS THAN THIS, HE IS NOT CULPABLE.

{Shabbat 100a}
IF ONE THROWS [AN ARTICLE] FOUR CUBITS ON TO A WALL ABOVE TEN HANDBREADTHS, IT IS AS THOUGH HE THROWS IT INTO THE AIR; IF BELOW, IT IS AS THOUGH IT THROWS IT ON TO THE GROUND, AND HE WHO THROWS [AN ARTICLE] FOUR CUBITS ALONG THE GROUND IS CULPABLE.

IF ONE THROWS[ [AN OBJECT] WITHIN FOUR CUBITS BUT IT ROLLS BEYOND FOUR CUBITS, HE IS NOT CULPABLE; BEYOND FOUR CUBITS BUT IT ROLLS WITHIN FOUR CUBITS, HE IS CULPABLE.

{Shabbat 100b}
IF ONE THROWS [AN OBJECT OVER A DISTANCE OF] FOUR CUBITS IN THE SEA, HE IS NOT LIABLE.

IF THERE IS A WATER POOL. AND A PUBLIC ROAD TRAVERSES IT, AND ONE THROWS [AN OBJECT] FOUR CUBITS THEREIN. HE IS LIABLE.
AND WHAT DEPTH CONSTITUTES A POOL? LESS THAN TEN HANDBREADTH.
IF THERE IS A POOL OF WATER AND A PUBLIC ROAD TRAVERSES IT, AND ONE THROWS [AN OBJECT] FOUR CUBITS THEREIN, HE IS LIABLE.

IF ONE THROWS [AN OBJECT] FROM THE SEA TO DRY LAND, OR FROM DRY LAND TO THE SEA, FROM THE SEA TO A SHIP OR FROM A SHIP TO THE SEA OR FROM ONE SHIP TO ANOTHER, HE IS NOT CULPABLE.

IF SHIPS ARE TIED TOGETHER, ONE MAY CARRY FROM ONE TO ANOTHER.
IF THEY ARE NOT TIED TOGETHER, THOUGH LYING CLOSE [TO EACH OTHER], ONE MAY NOT CARRY FROM ONE TO ANOTHER.

Gemara:
It was stated {by Amoraim}:
As for a ship.
Rav Huna said: A projection, whatever its size, is stuck out [over the side of the ship], and [water] may then be drawn [from the sea].

Rav Chisda and Rabba bar Rav Huna both say: One rigs up an enclosure four [handbreadths square] and draws [water].

And the halacha is like them {Rav Chisda and Rabba bar Rav Huna}, for Rav Huna is one against two, and the words of one do not stand when there are two {who oppose}.

However, as regards throwing out waste water, he throws it against the sides of the ship, and even though it comes to rest in the sea as a result of his force.
{For} and the halacha is that his force, in a karmelit, the Sages did not decree.

{Shabbat 101b}
"IF SHIPS ARE TIED TOGETHER, ONE MAY CARRY FROM ONE TO ANOTHER":
These words are said to teach you [that one may] combine them via an eruv and carry from one to another, and like Rav Safra.
For as it was taught {in a brayta}:

If ships are tied to each other, one may combine them and carry from one to another. If they are separated, they become prohibited. If they are rejoined. whether in ignorance {shogeg} or wilfully {meizid}, accidentally {ones} or erroneously {mutin}, they revert to their original permitted condition.

Likewise, if mats are spread [i.e.. hung up] {forming tents belonging to different owners}, one may combine them and carry from one to another. If they are rolled up, they become prohibited. If they are respread, whether in ignorance or wilfully, accidentally or erroneously, they revert to their original permitted condition.

For every partition that is made on the Sabbath, whether ignorantly or wilfully, is designated a partition.

Is this indeed so {that every partition that is made on the Sabbath, whether ignorantly or wilfully, is designated a partition}?
Did not Rav Nachman say: They learnt this only in respect of throwing, yet it is forbidden to carry [therein]?

Rav Nachman's [dictum] was stated in reference to wilful [erection].