Rif Shabbat 58a {Shabbat 139b continues ... 140b}

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58a

{Shabbat 139b continues}
Rav Yaakov Karcha recited:

{Shabbat 140a}
Because it is only done for coloring.

It was stated {by Amoraim}: If mustard grain is kneaded on erev Shabbat, on the morrow --
Rav said: One must crush [dissolve] it {in water} 'with a utensil, but not by hand {for by hand is the usual way}.
And Shmuel said: He must crush it by hand, but not with a utensil.
Rabbi Eleazar said: Both this and that are forbidden.
And Rabbi Yochanan said: Both this and that are permitted.

Mar Zutra said: The halacha is not like any of the aforementioned, but rather as the following, which was stated {itmar = by Amoraim}: If mustard is kneaded on erev Shabbat, on the morrow one may crush [dissolve] it both by hand or with a utensil; he may pour honey in it, yet he must not beat it up but may mix them. If cress was chopped up on erev Shabbat, on the morrow one may put oil and vinegar into it and add ammitha thereto; and he must not beat then, up but may mix them. If garlic was crushed on erev Shabbat, on the morrow one may put beans and grits therein, yet he must not pound them, but may mix them, and one may add ammitha to it.

What is ammitha? — Ninya. {Jastrow: ammi, Bishop's weed. Rashi: mint.}
Abaye said: We may deduce from this that ninya is good for [seasoning] cress.

"AND ENOMLIN MAY BE PREPARED ON SHABBAT":
The Sages learnt {in a brayta}: Enomlin may be prepared on Shabbat but aluntith may not be prepared on Shabbat.
What is enomlin and what is aluntith? — Enomlin is [a mixture of] wine, honey, and pepper. Aluntith is [a mixture of] old wine, clear water and balsam, which is prepared as a cooling [draught] in the baths.

MISHNA:
CHILTITH {Jastrow: = assa foetida, an umbelliferous plant used as a resin in leaves, for a spice and for medicinal purposes} MUST NOT BE DISSOLVED IN WARM WATER {to be drunk medicinally}, BUT IT MAY BE PUT INTO VINEGAR;

AND ONE MUST NOT CAUSE LEEKS TO FLOAT {=pour water over them to make the refuse float up so that it can be removed}, NOR RUB THEM {by hand, likewise to remove the refuse}; BUT THEY MAY BE PUT INTO A SIEVE {and the refuse may fall through} OR A BASKET {which can function like a sieve}.

STUBBLE MAY NOT BE SIFTED THROUGH A SIEVE, NOR PLACED ON AN EMINENCE, FOR THE CHAFF TO DROP DOWN; BUT ONE MAY TAKE IT UP IN A SIEVE AND PUT IT INTO THE MANGER
{Though some chaff may fall through. this is unintentional, the Mishnah agreeing with R. Simeon that whatever is unintentional is permitted.}

Gemara:
Rabbi Yochanan inquired of Rabbi Yannai: May chiltith be dissolved in cold water?
He said to him: It is forbidden.

But we learnt {in the Mishna}: CHILTITH MUST NOT BE DISSOLVED IN WARM WATER, implying that it is permitted in cold water?
He {Rabbi Yannai} said to him: The Mishna records an individual's opinion, for we learnt {in a brayta}: Chiltith may be dissolved neither in warm nor in cold water; Rabbi Yose says: In warm water it is forbidden; in cold it is permitted.

And the halacha is like Rabbi Yannai who said that whether in warm or cold water it is forbidden.

And if it was dissolved from the previous day, it is permitted to drink it on Shabbat.

And if he drank it {medicinally} on Thursday, and on Friday before Shabbat, and on Shabbat he did not have any that was dissolved {from before Shabbat} and he fears that if he does not drank, he will be endangered, it is permitted to dissolve it in cold water and to place it in the sun in order that he is not endangered, like the case of Rabbi Chiyya bar Avin.

Rav Chiyya {our gemara: Acha} bar Yosef was walking along, leaning on the shoulder of Rav Nachman bar Yitzchak, his sister's son. He {R Chiyya} said to him: When we reach Rav Safra's house, lead me in.
When they arrived [there] he led him in.
He asked of him {Rav Safra}: How about rubbing [the stiffness out of] linen [washing] on Shabbat? {when it is starched. the rubbing softens it and makes it whiter.} Is his intention to soften the linen, and it is permitted, or perhaps his intention is to make it whiter, which is forbidden?
He said to him: His intention is to soften it, and it is permitted.
When he {Rav Chiyya} went out he [Rav Nachman] came and said to him: What did Master ask him?
He {Rav Chiyya} said to him {Rav Nachman}: I asked him, What about rubbing linen on Shabbat, and he answered me, It is permitted.

Rav Chisda said: As for linen,
{Shabbat 140b}
to draw it away from the cane is permitted; to draw out the cane from it is forbidden.

{To explain: Linen was hung up on a cane passing through the sleeves to dry. A cane must not be handled on Shabbat, being regarded as muktzeh, as it stands to be used as fuel.}

Rava said: But if it is a weaver's implement {kli kivai}, it is permitted. {That is, then a utensil, which may be handled.}

To explain, kli kivai is a weaver's implement.

Rav Chisda said: A bunch of vegetables, if fit as food for animals, may be handled; if not, it is forbidden.

Rav Chiyya bar Ashi cited Rav: A meat hook is permitted [to be handled]; a fish [hook] is forbidden, for since its smell is great, he removes his thoughts from it, and it is muktzeh because of digust {mius}, and because of this, it is forbidden to handle it.

Rav is consistent with his own opinion, for Rav holds like Rabbi Yehuda. But according to Rabbi Shimon, he maintains that their is no such muktzeh because of disgust. And the halacha is like him {Rabbi Shimon}.

A scholar should not send his garments to his host {the keeper of the boarding house} for washing, for this is not in good taste {orach ar'a = derech eretz}.

MISHNA:
ONE MAY SWEEP OUT [THE MANGER] FOR A STALL OX, AND MOVE [THE REMNANTS] ASIDE FOR THE SAKE OF A GRAZING ANIMAL: THIS IS R. DOSA'S VIEW,
BUT THE SAGES FORBID IT.

ONE MAY TAKE [FODDER] FROM ONE ANIMAL AND PLACE IT BEFORE ANOTHER ANIMAL ON SHABBAT.

Gemara:
It was a question to them:
Do the Sages argue with the former portion {of Rabbi Dosa's statement} or do they argue with the latter portion?

Come and hear: For they learnt {in a brayta}: But the Sages maintain: Both the one and the other must not be moved to the sides.