Rif Shabbat 32b

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32b

{Shabbat 74b continues}
"TYING, UNTYING, SEWING TWO STITCHES":
But it cannot endure?
{Two stitches alone will slip out of the cloth. Thus the work is not permanent and entails no punishment.}
Rabba bar bar Channa cited Rabbi Yochanan: Providing that he knots them {after sewing, so that they will remain}.

"TEARING IN ORDER TO SEW TWO STITCHES":
{Shabbat 75a}
{The following statement is an explanation of where you find this labour in the Mishkan, for the forbidden labours are learned from the construction of the Mishkan.}
Rabba and Rabbi Zera both say: A curtain which was attacked by a moth was torn [round the moth hole] and resewn.

Mar {our gemara: Rav} Zutra bar Tovia cited Rav: He who pulls the thread of a seam on the Sabbath is liable to a sin-offering {that is, if the seam gapes, and he pulls the thread to draw the pieces together, this constitutes sewing}; and he who learns a single thing from a Magian {one of the priestcraft of Ancient Persia} is worthy of death {this is an expression of extreme abhorrence}; and he who is able to calculate the cycles {of the seasons} and planetary courses but does not, one may hold no conversation with him {because such is necessary for fixing of the calendar}.

{Shabbat 75b}
"CAPTURING A DEER AND SLAUGHTERING IT, OR FLAYING, OR SALTING IT, CURING IT":
But salting and tanning are identical?
Rabbi Yochanan and Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish both say: Omit one of these and insert the tracing of lines {sirtut}.

"SCRAPING {the hide}":
Rav Acha bar Chanina said: He who rubs [smooths skins] between columns on the Sabbath is liable on the score of scraping.
{so Tosafot and Jastrow. Rashi renders: he who smooths the ground between the columns}

Rabbi Chiyya bar Abba said: Three things Rabbi Assi {our gemara: Rabbi Ami} told me in the name of Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi: He who planes the tops of beams {to make them all the same level} on Shabbat is culpable on account of cutting {to measure}. He who spreads a poultice [evenly over a sore] on Shabbat is culpable on the grounds of scraping. And he who chisels round a stone on Shabbat is liable on the score of striking with the hammer {that is, giving it its final touches}.

Rabbi Shimon ben Bisna cited Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish: He who describes a figure on a utensil, and he who blows in glassware {where the blowing shapes it}, is liable on the score of striking with a hammer.

Rav Yehuda said: He who removes threads from garments on Shabbat is liable on the score of striking with the hammer; but that is only when he objects to them.

"WRITING TWO LETTERS":
The Sages learnt {in a brayta}: If one writes one large letter in the place of which there is room for writing two, he is not culpable. If he erases one large letter and there is room in its place for writing two, he is culpable.
Rabbi Menachem the son of Rabbi Yossi said: And this is the greater stringency of erasing over writing.

"BUILDING, PULLING DOWN, EXTINGUISHING, KINDLING, AND STRIKING WITH A HAMMER":
Rabba and Rabbi Zera both say: Whatever comprises the finishing of the work imposes liability on the score of striking with a hammer.

MISHNA:
THEY ALSO STATED ANOTHER GENERAL PRINCIPLE:
WHATEVER IS FIT TO PUT AWAY {for later use} AND SUCH IS [GENERALLY] PUT AWAY {that is, it is large enough to be put away for later use}, AND ONE CARRIES IT OUT ON THE SABBATH, HE IS LIABLE TO A SIN-OFFERING ON ITS ACCOUNT.
BUT WHATEVER IS NOT FIT TO PUT AWAY AND SUCH IS NOT [GENERALLY] PUT AWAY, AND ONE CARRIES IT OUT ON THE SABBATH, ONLY HE THAT PUT IT AWAY IS LIABLE.

Gemara:
'WHATEVER IS FIT TO PUT AWAY':
What does this exclude?
Rav Matna {our gemara: Rav Papa} said: It excludes the blood of menstruation.
Mar Ukva said: It excludes the wood of an Asherah {a tree devoted to idolatry}.
He who says the blood of menstruation, certainly [excludes] the wood of an Asherah. But he who says the wood of an Asherah; the blood of menstruation, however, is put away for a cat.
But the other [argues]: since she would sicken, one would not put it away [for that purpose].

{In explanation of why she would sicken: It was thought that if an animal consumed blood drawn from any person, that person would lose strength.}

{Shabbat 76a}
MISHNA:
HE WHO CARRIES OUT A COW'S MOUTHFUL OF STRAW, A CAMEL'S MOUTHFUL OF PEA-STALKS ['ETZAH], A LAMB'S MOUTHFUL OF EARS OF CORN, MOIST GARLIC LEAVES OR